Bangun faburka na zamanin yana bukatar kariya kadan na gaba, kariya kadan na dindin, da abubuwan da suka nuna a waje ba tare an sanya space na fadansa. Kullum faburka sun fara da Q235 steel saboda ita ce mafi kyau kuma ita ce mafi yawa a samu. Lokacin da kwayoyin samun kuma suka kara yawa, bangun zai bukata kadan mai yawa wanda grade na baya ba za ta iya kawo ba tare an gudanar da kyau, kuma masu amfani sun gano cewa bangun na farko ba ta ba da karamin kyau don kara yawa na farko.
Yadda Grade na Steel ta shirya Tallaƙin Faburka
Idan Kananin Kadan Ta kara yawa daga Q235
Mai tsari na faburikin da ya zama mai yin abubuwa na karama ya fito da fahimtar da aji shi ne ya so ya sanya ƙwayoyin gaba daya da maki na karama masu yawa. Bayyoyin da aka yi daga baya sun yi amfani da karamar Q235 don yin tukunin karama da tukunin gaba wanda suka yi amfani da su don yin abubuwa na karama. A lokacin da girder na ƙwayoyin gaba da maki na farko suka shiga cikin bayani, masu fasaha na tukunin karama suka gano cewa karamar Q235 zai bukatar yin sauya sosai — tukunin karama masu yawa, karamar masu yawa, da tukunin karama masu yawa — don hana yadda karamar karama zai ci gaba da karamar karama. Abubuwan da suka yawa sun ci gaba da yadda karamar karama, sun ci gaba da karamar karama, da suka ci gaba da karamar karama na faburikin karama a cikin karamar ƙwayoyin gaba.
Ku rubuta shafin bayani na farko zai taimaka wajen karewa ne ga wannan abin da ke sauki. Q235 yana da tsarin ƙarfi na gudunmawa ta hanyar 235 MPa, wanda ke cikin alama na gida na kantin da kantin mai gari. Idan gida bukata crane mai zuwa a sama ta 10 ton ko 20 ton kuma kusantar da kusantar daga cibiyoyi, kuma kusantar ya zama ƙarami. Masu gida suka hada amsa: sanya kowane burbin ko canza daraja. Babban hanyar ya kare alamar gida da ya kare kishin gida, amma tsarin samun burbin da ke da kyau zai kare girder na crane ta hanyar da ke cikin alama a lokacin sa, kuma a lokacin da suka ci gaba da sa.
Wace abu ne Q355 ta farko
Tsarin ƙarfi na gudunmawa da tsarin alamar
Q355 shine aiki na kwayar gaskiya ta yawa da ke da tsayin gaskiya ta hanyar 345 MPa — wanda ya zama 45% don ya fi Q235. A cikin tattaunawa na plastic da tattaunawa na elastic, wannan fahimtar ya ba masu rarraba idan su za su saita hanyoyin hanyar H na kwayar gaskiya mai yawa don hanyar da ke da amfani da shi daga wani bebe. Wani girder na crane wanda zai bukata hanyar Q235 mai yawa zai iya amfani da hanyar Q355 mai yawa, wanda ya baki fahimtar ta hanyar hook. Kwayar gaskiya mai yawa kuma ya rage tsayin gaskiya na foundation da ya kara yankin rarraba. Babu kari da kwayar gaskiya kuma; amma kari da kari da yankin gaskiya a cikin Steel Factory Building, inda kowace meter na hook height da aisle width suka da mahimmanci don flow na production.
Weldability da Carbon Equivalent
Q355 ya samu wani alaƙa ta hanyar tsarin kimiyar da ake gudanen. Kullum karbon na ita ya zama ƙarami don kuma ake yin weldin a cikin workshop mai amfani da standard, ba tare da preheat mai yawa ba a matsayin dandana mai yawa. Yadda za a iya weldin ya dace da kuma kuma mangan, niobium, da vanadium micro-alloys suka saita tsanani kuma suka kara tsanani a cikin heat-affected zone. A cikin AWS D1.1 da EN 1090 procedures, abokan weldin suka yi joints mai kyau ta hanyar common electrodes. Karamin karbon ya kara kari kuma ya sa a iya rage steel factory building daidai, da karamin field repairs, da karamin fabrication tolerance a cikin assembled frames.
Toughness Under Dynamic Load
Cranes da kuma presses su yana samun halin da ake kira ta “cyclic” ko ta “impact-loaded”. Q355 ya ba da “impact toughness” mai kyau don ƙarfi a yadda ƙarfi ya zama ƙarami, wanda ke haifar da “brittle fracture” a lokacin da aka saita abu na “dynamic load”. “Fatigue resistance” ya dace sosai idan an yi amfani da “EN 1993 guidance” don fahimtar “details”, saboda “smaller sections” su ke saita “same force” a “lower stress range”. Don “Steel Factory Building” wanda ke saita abubuwa sosai, wannan “toughness” ya zama “quieter” da “safer operation”, kuma yana da “less concern” game da “crack growth” a “welded connections” wanda su ke cikin “crane girder”.
Koode da Kariya da Tabbatarwa
CE da International Building Code Alignment
Fasalin Q355 ta nuna cewa yana da sertipikat CE kuma yana da tsaya akan Koda na Aikin Gida na Duniya don hanyoyin da suka shiga. Masu gudanen yana gudanen wannan fasalin akan standadun da suka faru, kuma masu fassara suna rubutu cewa yana da tsaya akan klasen EN 1090. Wani mai buyi da hallin da aka fassare a wajen duniya zai samu amfani cewa fasalin fulu, sisitemin taimakawa ga tsohon kari, kuma rukunin haɗa yana da tsaya akan mutanen da suka bayar da amfani da su a wajen da suka shiga ba tare iya canza kuma ba tare iya gudanen kuma. Rubutun da suka faru kuma yana taimaka wajen kari da kari da kari da matakan da suka bayar da amfani da su.
Sertifikatin Gudanen Masu Gudanen kuma Tasharin
Kullum kwayoyi da plates suna zaune da mill test certificate wanda yana nuna heat number, mechanical values, da chemistry. Inspeksiyon na tsohuwa ta tsayi amfani da yield strength, impact toughness, da fabrication tolerance a cikin lokacin da aka cut. Wannan traceability yana kara gaskiya ga masu amfani na Steel Factory Building a lokacin da suka ci gaba da inspection da claims na defects, kuma yana nuna cewa low-alloy high-strength grade da aka order shi ne wanda aka bayar. Kae certificates a cikin factory structure design file don hanyar yadda asset zai iya amfani da ita.
Matsaloli na procurement da maintenance
Yaya za a specify Q355 tare da kyau
Rubuta daraja, daraja ta yanzu na utsurya, kwayoyi, da tsawon tukunin yadda ke bukatar su a cikin amfani na bayani. Bayyana shirin taimakawa ga kusurwa — hot-dip galvanizing ko shirin epoxy zinc-rich primer — da kuma son H-section steel. Ji mai bayani don samun shahadatun na mill da daraja na EN 1090 na amfani. Bayanin da suka dace su kara canza wani abu kuma su kara rarraba kudin gida na steel da kuma zaman lafiya, domin bai karanta wani hujja ta wuche da ta kara kafa a cikin workshop.
Kafa da Kuma Taimakawa
Kullum welders a cikin bayanai na Q355 kuma tabbata shi ne yadda ake amfani da preheat idan kwayoyin su ke yawa; amfani da AWS D1.1 don sanin wani hanyar aiki. Bayan ajiye, jaga tushen — sanya maza ba tushen na galvanizing wanda aka gudan, ko rufe maza ba tushen na epoxy systems kafin rust ya faru. Tabbatar da girder na crane da kewayoyin su, kuma duba kewayoyin aiki na fabrikasi, zai taimaka wajen kara tsayin aiki kuma kara dama na fatigue resistance, don haka frame na low-alloy high-strength zai ci gaba in aiki daidai a lokacin aiki na lifting da press loads. A cikin karshe na shekara, kula da tushen, kara fito da bolts, kuma tabbata kewayoyin aiki na fabrikasi zai taimaka wajen kara dama na corrosion protection kuma zai gano fatigue cracks na farko kafin su faru.
Bayan fikir
Za a iya zanen kariya wani abu mai kyau da sauri a farko don gudanen bayani na kudi da ayyukan. Wani gida na fasaha na sika ta hanyar Q355 zai samu yadda ya daga crane, ƙaramin kayan aikin sika, da kuma tashin kada-kada ba tare n'yan karamin sika ba. Wannan jinsi na sika mai yawa da karfi zai kara da fahimtar shari'a da kuma samun kira. Don wadanda suka nufi crane da kayan aikin mai yawa, sauya daga Q235 ne shi ne mai kyau da kuma mai alaƙa ga kudi, kuma yana da kyau in zaune a cikin farko ayyukan rarraba.
Masu Sabon Gaskiya
Suyayi
Wane abu na yadda zai kara Q355 mai kyau da kuma mai alaƙa ga Q235?
Amsa: Q355 zai iya amfani da ita a gida na fasaha na sika idan yana bukatar kiyaye crane na sama, kayan aikin mai yawa, ko kuma kayan aikin da aka sanya sosai kafin ayyukan da aka sanya sosai. Yadda ya daga karkara na yawa ya kara da karamin kayan aikin sika don kiyaye yadda ya daga karkara, kuma yana gudanen yadda na kaya da kuma yadda na kofa. Wadanda suka nufi kofa na crane ko kayan aikin da ke kiyaye kuzari, suna fito sosai, saboda wannan jinsi na sika zai kiyaye yadda na shari'a ba tare n'yan karamin sika ba.
Suyayi
Me ya zama muhimmi yadda na karbon don kiyaye Q355?
Amsa: Kuma ce ta karbon ya nuna yadda yake da kyau don zama mai kusurci da kusurci na kwalla a lokacin tashin shinkafa. Q355 ya kara CE ta hanyar tsarin kima, don haka alamar da ake amfani da su a gida na shinkafa wanda ke cikin AWS D1.1 suna haɗawa da kwalla masu kyau ta hanyar tashin shinkafa mai yawa ko ba a tashi ba a dukkan shinkafan da suka dace. Tsarin kima mai amfani ya kara kariya ga kariya a yankin da aka tashi, kuma yana kara kuskure a cikin gida kuma yana kara kuskure a cikin gida na shinkafa.
Suyayi
Yaya za a tabbata maki na tashin mill a lokacin da aka tashi?
Amsa: Za a bukata lamba na tashin, yadda yake da kariya, da tsarin kima don hankali na shinkafa da kuma don hankali na kwayoyi. Ku duba lambobi suka dace da lamba da aka bukata da kuma da lamba da aka bukata, sannan ku duba yadda yake da kariya da yadda yake da kariya sun dace da alamar da aka bukata. Duba mai amfani da gida na shinkafa ko gida na shinkafa ya dace da kuskure a lokacin da aka tashi. Tsarin da ke dace ya kara kuskure a lokacin da aka tashi da kuma yana kara kuskure a lokacin da aka tashi da kuma yana kara kuskure a lokacin da aka tashi da kuma yana kara kuskure a lokacin da aka tashi.
Suyayi
Yaya ake buƙatar amfani da tashin ƙarfi na ƙarfi na gaba don gida na kasu?
Amsa: Tashin koyaushe na gaba daya yana da muhimmi a lokacin da baya ta shiga ga wani abu ko a lokacin da aka saita abubuwan da suka daga crane ko press. Yadda ake sanya abun da ke nufin tashin koyaushe na gaba daya ya zama maimakon da ke kare wa koyaushe na gaba daya a lokacin da aka saita abubuwan da suka daga crane ko press. Masu rarraba suna amfani da EN 1993 don sanya abun da ke nufin tashin koyaushe na gaba daya. Tashin koyaushe na gaba daya yana kare abubuwan da suka daga crane girder, inda koyaushe na gaba daya da tsanani na gaba daya suna kawo koyaushe na gaba daya a lokacin da aka saita abubuwan da suka daga crane ko press.
Suyayi
Wane abun da ke kare koyaushe na gaba daya ya fito ga Q355 frames?
Amsa: Hot-dip galvanizing ya fito ga Q355 frames a lokacin da suka daga gaba daya, amma epoxy zinc-rich primer da micaceous iron oxide da fluorocarbon topcoat ya fito ga lokacin da suka daga gaba daya ko a lokacin da suka daga gaba daya. Red lead primer da alkyd system suna da karami mai yawa. Wannan abun da ke kare koyaushe na gaba daya, kada ka ci gaba da koyaushe na gaba daya bayan aikin da suka daga crane girder.